Liminal Space EncyclopediaA curated archive of in-between places
A field guide to the spaces between.
Some places feel like memories you never lived. Empty hallways, quiet pools, fluorescent offices with no one inside. This archive collects the most recognizable examples of that feeling, sorted by type, with notes on what makes each one work.
Filter by sub-category. Each card expands to show the curator note. Bookmark any entry to save it locally on this device.
Empty Pools
Deserted community pool, late afternoon
Still water, one set of wet footprints, no swimmers.
Notes: The turquoise water is too clean for an abandoned place. That mismatch is the first hook. The single set of footprints implies someone just left, which your brain reads as a recent presence. The late-afternoon light turns the water into a flat, glowing plane with no reference for depth. Remove the footprints and the image becomes a stock photo of a pool. Remove the water and it becomes a tiled room. It is the combination that creates the feeling.
Empty Pools
Indoor pool before opening
Lane dividers in place, bleachers folded, no swimmers yet.
Notes: This is a pre-opening shot, not an abandonment. That matters. The space is between states: not in use but intended for use. The lane lines create strong perspective lines that pull the eye to a vanishing point with nothing at the end. The folded bleachers add a folded, waiting quality. This kind of image is the purest form of liminal because the emptiness is temporary and expected.
Dead Malls
Food court after closing
Chairs stacked, menu boards still lit, no customers.
Notes: Food courts are designed for crowds. When they are empty, the design works against itself. The stacked chairs signal that staff were just here. The lit menu boards suggest the machines do not know the day is over. The warm color palette keeps it from feeling cold or hostile, which makes the emptiness feel more like a held breath than a warning.
Dead Malls
Escalator landing between floors
Mid-landing view with both escalators visible and no riders.
Notes: Escalators are pure transition machines. They exist to move people between levels. When still, they become staircases that are not quite staircases. The mid-landing view is powerful because it shows both directions at once. Your brain expects motion in at least one direction. The absence of riders turns a functional piece of architecture into a sculpture about waiting.
Hotel Corridors
Long hallway with repetitive doors
Carpet with a pattern, sconces every few feet, no guests.
Notes: Hotel corridors are designed to be ignored. They are wayfinding tools, not destinations. That makes them perfect liminal material. The repeating doors create a rhythm that your brain expects to break, but it never does. The carpet pattern usually has a directional element that pulls the eye forward. Warm sconce lighting adds a false sense of comfort. The result is a space that feels both safe and slightly wrong.
Hotel Corridors
Service corridor behind guest floors
Linen carts, exit signs, no windows.
Notes: Service corridors are liminal by design. They exist for staff, not guests. Seeing them feels like being behind a stage curtain. The carts imply recent activity without showing the actors. Exit signs become the only color accent in a otherwise beige or grey space. The absence of windows removes any sense of time of day. This is one of the few liminal types where the feeling comes from access rather than emptiness.
School Halls
Elementary hallway during summer
Cubbies with names, class projects on walls, no children.
Notes: Schools are loud by nature. When empty, the silence becomes visible. The children's artwork and name tags are important because they show who is missing. The summer version is especially strong because the building is still maintained but the purpose is paused. This category triggers the strongest nostalgia response because most viewers spent years in similar halls.
School Halls
Nighttime gymnasium with bleachers folded
Overhead lights on, scoreboard dark, no game.
Notes: Gyms are built for bodies in motion. A still gym feels like a held breath. The folded bleachers are a key detail because they show the space is between events. The lit overheads with a dark scoreboard is another state mismatch. If everything were off, the space would feel abandoned. The partial lighting keeps it in the in-between zone.
Office Floors
Cubicle row at night
Monitors off, chairs pushed in, one desk lamp still on.
Notes: The single lit desk lamp is doing heavy work here. It implies someone will return, which keeps the space from feeling abandoned. Cubicles are semi-private and semi-public at the same time, which is a liminal social state made physical. The off monitors remove the last sign of activity. This image type became common during overnight office photography threads in the early 2010s.
Office Floors
Conference room with chairs but no meeting
Projector on standby, water glasses set out, no people.
Notes: Conference rooms are liminal in a social sense. They are for groups, not individuals. The set-out water glasses are a strong signal because they show preparation without participants. The standby projector adds a faint glow without an image. This is the office equivalent of a food court after hours: everything is ready, but the event has not started or has already ended.
Transit Spaces
Subway platform at 3 a.m.
Train gone, ads still glowing, one person on a bench.
Notes: Transit spaces are the most universal liminal type. Almost everyone has waited in one. The 3 a.m. timing removes the crowd but keeps the infrastructure active. The glowing ads are important because they provide light without purpose. The single person on the bench makes the space feel observed but not inhabited. This is the image most likely to produce the thought, "I have been here," even if you have not.
Transit Spaces
Airport terminal between flights
Gate area empty, departure board still updating, no announcements.
Notes: Airport gates are designed for temporary occupation. Between flights, they become waiting rooms with no clear start or end time. The updating departure board is a key detail because it shows the system is still running even though the space is quiet. The lack of announcements removes the usual audio layer. This category overlaps with hotel corridors but feels more public and less intimate.
Backrooms-style
Yellow carpeted office maze
Fluorescent lights, damp carpet, no windows, no exits visible.
Notes: This is the image that named the entire aesthetic online. The original Backrooms photo shows a carpeted office space with yellow walls, fluorescent panels, and a sense of infinite repetition. The dampness is important because it adds a sensory layer beyond the visual. There is no visible door or window, which removes any mental exit path. The space looks like it should connect to other rooms, but none are shown. That implied continuity without access is the core of the feeling.
Backrooms-style
Basement hallway with exposed pipes
Low ceiling, flickering light, no signage.
Notes: Basement hallways are liminal by function. They are for utilities, not people. The exposed pipes and low ceiling make the space feel like infrastructure. The flickering light adds instability. The absence of signage removes wayfinding cues. This type is common in hospitals, schools, and older office buildings. It feels like a space you are not supposed to notice, which is why seeing it in a photo feels like a small trespass.
Backrooms-style
Parking garage stairwell
Concrete, painted lines, no cars, echo implied.
Notes: Parking garages are liminal because they are for vehicles, not pedestrians. A stairwell inside one is doubly transitional. The painted lines and concrete make the space feel functional and temporary at the same time. The absence of cars is the trigger. Without vehicles, the space loses its reason to exist. Photographers often shoot these from low angles to emphasize the ceiling height and the repetition of columns.
Dead Malls
Fountain area with no water
Dry basin, decorative tile, no shoppers.
Notes: Mall fountains are social anchors. They are designed to draw people to a central point. A dry fountain is a powerful liminal image because the decorative tile and basin shape still reference water that is not there. The absence of shoppers amplifies the effect. This type of image became common in the 2010s as malls closed and photographers documented the change.
Hotel Corridors
Resort hallway at dawn
Open doors, maid cart, no guests visible.
Notes: Resort hallways are designed to feel welcoming at all hours. The dawn timing adds a soft, cool light that flattens the scene. The open doors and maid cart imply recent human activity without showing anyone. This is a gentler form of the liminal feeling, closer to quiet than to unease. It is the type most likely to produce a wistful response rather than an anxious one.
Transit Spaces
Bus terminal overnight
Benches in rows, schedule board frozen, no drivers.
Notes: Bus terminals are more modest than airports or train stations, which makes their emptiness feel less dramatic and more ordinary. The frozen schedule board is the key detail because it shows the system is paused, not shut down. The rows of benches create a strong geometric pattern. This type of image is common in smaller cities where the terminal may only have a handful of overnight routes.
Showing all 18 entries. Use the filters above to narrow by sub-category.
A short timeline of the liminal aesthetic
How a feeling became a genre.
1990s
Early internet forums
Users on photo-sharing boards and early forums began posting empty mall and school photos with titles like "does anyone else feel weird about these." The conversation was scattered and had no name yet.
2006-2010
The rise of urban exploration
Urban exploration communities documented abandoned malls, hospitals, and schools. The photos were practical at first, but commenters began noting a shared emotional response to transitional spaces.
2019
The Backrooms post
A single image of a yellow, carpeted office maze was posted on 4chan with the caption about "noclipping out of bounds" in reality. The post went viral across Reddit, Twitter, and TikTok. The term Backrooms became the shorthand for the entire aesthetic.
2020-2021
Lockdown effect
During pandemic lockdowns, empty public spaces became common in daily life. The liminal feeling moved from online curiosity to lived experience. Subreddits like r/LiminalSpace grew rapidly.
2022-2023
Mainstream pickup
Music videos, fashion editorials, and short films began using liminal imagery. YouTube essays explained the aesthetic to wider audiences. The first print zines and small photobooks appeared.
2024-2026
Film and formalization
A feature film based on the Backrooms concept entered production. Online archives like this one began organizing the scattered imagery into a more structured reference. The aesthetic shifted from a niche internet mood to a recognized visual genre.
Submit an entry
Help the archive grow with finds that fit the feeling.
What makes a good submission
Transitional or in-between architectural space.
Low or flat lighting, usually artificial.
Muted or uniform color palette.
Absence of people, or people at a distance.
A detail that implies recent or expected use.
What to include
The image in the highest resolution you have.
Location context if you know it (city, building type, year).
A short note on what gives it the liminal quality.
Whether you took the photo or are sharing someone else's.
What to avoid
Clearly abandoned or hazardous locations.
Images that rely on obvious horror tropes.
Heavy filters that remove the natural lighting.
Private residences without permission.
This archive is curated. Not every submission will be added. The goal is a focused, high-quality reference, not an unmoderated image dump.
Your Collection
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How to use this archive
Start with the filters
If you are new to the topic, pick one sub-category and read all the curator notes in that group. Empty pools and hotel corridors are good starting points because they are easy to recognize and widely shared.
Read before you scroll
The curator notes explain why each image works, not just what it shows. If you only glance at the pictures, you will miss the architectural details that create the feeling. The notes are short enough to read in full.
Bookmark what sticks
Use the bookmark icon on any entry to save it to your local collection. The collection is stored in your browser, so it stays available on return visits but does not sync to other devices.
Use the timeline for context
If you are writing about this aesthetic or explaining it to someone else, the timeline section gives a concise history. It covers the key moments from early forums to the current film interest.
Common mistakes
Not every empty room is liminal. A cluttered bedroom or a busy street at night does not qualify. The key ingredients are transitional architecture, a sense of expected use, and a specific lighting quality. If the image feels sad but not oddly familiar, it may be melancholic rather than liminal.
Edge cases
Some spaces are accidentally liminal, like a school hallway in summer. Others are deliberately designed to feel this way, like certain horror game environments. The archive includes both, but the curator notes will tell you which is which.